At least two people have died in clashes between Egyptian police and protesters after the country's former president was cleared of murder.

Hosni Mubarak was accused of involvement in killing hundreds of his own people during the 2011 uprising that toppled him.

After the verdict, police fired tear gas and water cannon at more than a thousand protesters in central Cairo.

It is estimated that 2,000 people attended the protest in Egypt's capital, and 29 of the protesters were arrested.

Anti-state slogans frequently used during the uprising were repeated in the demonstration, including: "The people demand the downfall of the regime."

One of the anti-military protesters said: "There were people who got killed, who is responsible for that if they were all acquitted?"

The ruling followed a retrial, two years after he was sentenced to life in prison over the killings.

Mubarak (86) and his sons Alaa and Gamal were also cleared of separate corruption charges.

Nevertheless, Mubarak will not walk free.

He will continue to serve a three-year sentence on another embezzlement charge under house arrest in an army hospital, where he was moved for medical reasons.

He was on trial over the killings alongside his interior minister Habib el Adly and six top aides, who were cleared of murder charges.

Hundreds of people lost their lives in a brutal security crackdown during the 18-day revolt that ended Mubarak's 30-year rule.

The former president was convicted in June 2012 of ordering the killings, but was awarded a retrial after the ruling was thrown out on a technicality by a higher court.

It is possible he could be freed within months. The ruling can once again be appealed.

Mubarak maintains his innocence, saying he had not expected the revolution almost four years ago.