Teams of workers have been sent in to clean the Texas apartment block where a US nurse lives, following her Ebola diagnosis.
She was involved in the treatment of the first person to be diagnosed with the virus in the US, before he died last week.
The unnamed woman, who had been wearing full protective gear, reported having a "low-grade fever" on Friday and was then isolated, officials said.
Dr Thomas Frieden, from the Centres for Disease Control, said the hospital worker caught the disease because of a breach of care protocol during Mr Duncan's treatment.
A further 18 workers could also have been exposed, he said, and are being monitored.