1327 ”“ First War of Scottish Independence: James Douglas leads a raid into Weardale and almost kills Edward III of England.

1578 ”“ Battle of Al Kasr al Kebir ”“ the Moroccans defeat the Portuguese. King Sebastian of Portugal is killed in the battle, leaving his elderly uncle, Cardinal Henry, as his heir. This initiates a succession crisis in Portugal.

1693 ”“ Date traditionally ascribed to Dom Perignon’s invention of Champagne, although he actually did not have anything to do with sparkling wine.

1704 ”“ War of the Spanish Succession: Gibraltar is captured by an English and Dutch fleet, commanded by Admiral Sir George Rooke and allied with Archduke Charles.

1791 ”“ The Treaty of Sistova is signed, ending the Ottoman-Habsburg wars.

1796 ”“ French Revolutionary Wars: Napoleon leads the French Army of Italy to victory in the Battle of Lonato.

1821 ”“ Atkinson & Alexander publish the Saturday Evening Post for the first time as a weekly newspaper.

1824 ”“ The Battle of Kos is fought between Turk and Greek forces.

1854 ”“ The Hinomaru is established as the official flag to be flown from Japanese ships.

1892 ”“ The father and stepmother of Lizzie Borden are found murdered in their Fall River, Massachusetts home.

1902 ”“ The Greenwich foot tunnel under the River Thames opens.

1906 ”“ Central Railway Station, Sydney opens.

1914 ”“ World War I: Germany invades Belgium. In response, the United Kingdom declares war on Germany. The United States declare their neutrality.

1916 ”“ World War I: Liberia declares war on Germany.

1944 ”“ The Holocaust: a tip from a Dutch informer leads the Gestapo to a sealed-off area in an Amsterdam warehouse where they find and arrest Jewish diarist Anne Frank, her family, and four others.

1946 ”“ An earthquake of magnitude 8.0 hits northern Dominican Republic. 100 are killed and 20,000 are left homeless.

1958 ”“ The Billboard Hot 100 is published for the first time.

1964 ”“ American civil rights movement: civil rights workers Michael Schwerner, Andrew Goodman and James Chaney are found dead in Mississippi after disappearing on June 21.

1964 ”“ Gulf of Tonkin Incident: U.S. destroyers USS Maddox and USS Turner Joy report coming under attack in the Gulf of Tonkin.

1965 ”“ The Constitution of Cook Islands comes into force, giving the Cook Islands self-governing status within New Zealand.

1969 ”“ Vietnam War: at the apartment of French intermediary Jean Sainteny in Paris, American representative Henry Kissinger and North Vietnamese representative Xuan Thuy begin secret peace negotiations. The negotiations will eventually fail.

1984 ”“ The Republic of Upper Volta changes its name to Burkina Faso.

1989 ”“ Licence to Kill goes on general cinema release in the United Kingdom.

1991 ”“ The Greek cruise ship MTS Oceanos sinks off the Wild Coast of South Africa.

1993 ”“ A federal judge sentences LAPD officers Stacey Koon and Laurence Powell to 30 months in prison for violating motorist Rodney King’s civil rights.

1995 ”“ Operation Storm begins in Croatia.

2002 ”“ Soham murders: 10 year old school girls Jessica Chapman and Holly Wells go missing from the town of Soham, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom.

2006 ”“ A massacre, is carried out by Sri Lankan government forces, killing 17 employees of the French INGO Action Against Hunger (known internationally as Action Contre la Faim, or ACF).

2007 ”“ NASA’s Phoenix spaceship is launched.

2007 ”“ Airport police officer María del Luján Telpuk discovers a suitcase containing the undeclared sum of US$800,000 as it goes through an x-ray machine in Aeroparque Jorge Newbery in Buenos Aires, sparking an international scandal involving Venezuela and Argentina known as “Maletinazo”.

2010 ”“ California’s Proposition 8, the ballot initiative prohibiting same-sex marriage passed by the state’s voters in 2008, is overturned by Judge Vaughn Walker in the case Perry v. Schwarzenegger.

1901 ”“ Louis Armstrong, American jazz trumpeter and singer was born (d. 1971)

1913 ”“ Robert Hayden, American poet was born (d. 1980)

1952 ”“ Moya Brennan, Irish singer was born

1955 ”“ Billy Bob Thornton, American actor and writer was born

1956 ”“ Gerry Cooney, American boxer was born

1958 ”“ Allison Hedge Coke, American poet and writer was born

1959 ”“ John Gormley, Irish politician was born

1961 ”“ Barack Obama, 44th President of the United States, Nobel Peace Prize laureate was born

1961 ”“ Lauren Tom, American actress was born

1962 ”“ Paul Reynolds, British guitarist (A Flock of Seagulls) was born

1964 ”“ Gary King, British radio presenter was born

1964 ”“ Anna Sui, American fashion designer was born

1965 ”“ Dennis Lehane, American crime writer was born

1967 ”“ Timothy Adams, American actor was born

1968 ”“ Daniel Dae Kim, American actor was born

1968 ”“ Lee Mack, British comedian was born

1969 ”“ Michael DeLuise, American actor was born

1976 ”“ Andrew McLeod, Australian rules footballer was born

1977 ”“ Luís Boa Morte, Portuguese footballer was born

1978 ”“ Kurt Busch, American race car driver was born

1980 ”“ Richard Dawson, English cricketer was born

1981 ”“ Ben Scott, English cricketer was born

1988 ”“ Tom Parker, British singer (The Wanted) was born

1991 ”“ Thiago Cardoso, Brazilian footballer was born