Young teenagers are more likely to have a disability now than they were ten years ago, according to new ESRI research.

The study examined data from the Growing Up in Ireland Survey and found that the number of 13-year-olds with ‘long-lasting conditions’ increased by 12% between 2011 and 2021.

Of those reported to have a disability, the proportion that say they are hampered by their condition has increased from 6% to 23%.

The ESI noted that the increase may be partly related to changes in the wording of questions over time; however, the researchers said information gathered from teachers and principals also points to an increase.

Research

On Breakfast Briefing this morning, ESRI researcher Emer Smyth said the study uncovered “quite a shift over time” when it comes to children being diagnosed with long-lasting conditions.

She said the change is likely linked to increased awareness of conditions among parents, teachers and other professionals.

“It's difficult to unpack because changes have taken place in classifications,” she said.

“There's now a move away from looking at diagnostic conditions towards looking at the impact on young people's functioning.”

Gender

The report also uncovered a “big shift in the gender pattern,” with a rise in diagnoses among young girls.

“So in 2011 and 2012, boys were more likely to have a disability but by the early 2020s, there are no gender differences,” said Ms Smyth.

“That does seem to be about an increase in emotional difficulties among girls.”

Outcomes

The most common conditions among young people are now physical impairment - difficulty moving, climbing or lifting – and mental issues including difficulties learning, remembering or concentrating.

Ms Smyth said there is a growing gap when it comes to outcomes for children with long-lasting conditions.

“They're more likely to have fewer friends, they're more likely to have conflict with their parents, they're less involved in activities like organised sport and they're a bit more negative about school,” she said.

The report also highlights a worrying economic divide with children from working-class backgrounds more likely to have a disability than those from wealthier backgrounds.