Immunotherapy is a type of treatment which helps the immune system fight cancer. It enhances the system ability to recognize, target, and eliminate cancer cells, wherever they are in the body, making it a potential universal answer to cancer. However, not all cancers respond to this type of treatment. Why is it only effect in 20-40% of cases? And is there anything we can do to improve the response rate?

Aideen Ryan joins Jonathan to bring us up to date on new research which may hold the answers for improving cancer treatment. She is an associate professor in tumour immunology from the University of Galway.